Ke nānā nui nei kēia mea hana a ʻimi i nā hemahema o loko a me waho e like me, nā uwea haki, abrasion, corrosion, luhi a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe.Ua loiloi ʻepekema i ke koena o ke ola, ka pono o ke kaula kaula a hoʻoholo i ke ola lawelawe o ke kaula uea i nānā ʻia.